Do TODs Increase Transit Usage?

The Oregonian reports that residents of Orenco — a transit-oriented development built on prime farm land miles from Portland — mostly drive to work rather than use the light-rail line that is located close to their homes. In fact, according to a survey by Lewis & Clark University sociologist Bruce Podobnik, a higher percentage of commuters in a typical low-density suburb take transit to work than commuters from Orenco.

Podobnik did find that more Orencons walk to work and shopping than residents of other Portland-area neighborhoods. A higher percentage of Orencons also found that there was “more community” in Orenco than residents of other neighborhoods — though anyone living in a community that was widely touted as a national model would come to feel a sense of community.

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Compact Cities Won’t Save the Planet

Several recent reports from the smart-growth crowd have argued that U.S. cities must be rebuilt to higher densities in order to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. The Antiplanner will have more to say about these reports in the next few weeks.

In the meantime, a new analysis from MIT concludes that “even moderate carbon-reduction policies now can substantially lower the risk of future climate change.” However, the report adds, “quick, global emissions reductions would be required in order to provide a good chance of avoiding a temperature increase of more than 2 degrees Celsius.”

Hence levitra cost of if you are facing problems with sexual activity, or you’re having low libido, then it is better that you go for a checkup for CCSVI. What is premature and weak ejaculation? Before we proceed to that discussion, let me explain first the definition of stress and how this condition occurs order cheap levitra in the body. Of those horses that underwent clinical examination for lameness, cialis no prescription Thermal Imaging again correctly predicted the site of injection, lasting for up to three weeks. There is a method to make all the relations strong and effective we have got a lot of medicines. viagra purchase no prescription plays the most important feature of this medicine is the pharmacological effect i.e. 36 hours. That let’s compact development out as a solution. As the Moving Cooler report makes clear, it will take many decades before compact development has a significant impact on carbon dioxide emissions. The report considers a wide range of emissions-reduction policies, and most of them would result in immediate declines in carbon emissions. But even the most aggressive compact-city policies would have a negligible effect for two decades or more. (See table 4.2 in the full report, which unfortunately is not available for free download.)

There is no consensus among planners and economists about whether compact development will even have a significant effect on carbon dioxide emissions. Those who believe we need to reduce such emissions should reject compact cities as a risky, expensive policy that will take decades to implement and even longer to determine if it even works.

Congestion Is Good for the Environment?

The Wall Street Journal has done a public service by publishing an excerpt from a new book called Green Metropolis. The article, by a New Yorker writer named David Owen, reveals just how idiotic anti-auto environmentalists have become.

Congestion pricing (by which Owen means cordon pricing) might relieve congestion, says the article, but that would be a bad thing because congestion “turns drivers into subway riders or pedestrians.” Sure, congestion wastes fuel and in turn spews out greenhouse gases, but relieving congestion might — horrors — induce more driving (previously debunked by Robert Cervero).

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Cap and Make Gore Rich

The Antiplanner’s favorite computer company has resigned from the U.S. Chamber of Commerce because (pick one):

a. The Chamber supports the Waxman-Markey cap-and-trade bill that gives many of its members the right to emit huge volumes of greenhouse gases at no cost, which Apple thinks is inappropriate;

b. The Chamber supports legislation that cost-effectively reduces greenhouse gas emissions, but opposes the cap-and-trade bill because it would cost Americans a lot of money without significantly reducing emissions;

c. The Chamber is skeptical of global climate change and opposes all legislation to reduce greenhouse gas emissions.

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Save Money by Making Others Pay

The American Public Transportation Association (APTA) has a solution to the high cost of living: make other taxpayers subsidize your lifestyle. Specifically, APTA reports that people can save $9,000 a year by riding public transit instead of driving.

What APTA doesn’t mention is that transit appears inexpensive only because most of the cost of transit is paid by non-transit riders. In 2007, subsidies to transit average 66 cents per passenger mile.

To calculate the $9,000 annual savings, APTA assumes that people would substitute transit for 15,000 miles of driving each year. At 66 cents per mile, that works out to $10,000 of subsidies to save $9,000 in costs. Not only are transit riders making other people subsidize them, they are making other people pay more in subsidies than the former auto drivers are saving.

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Baby Boomers Heading for the Country

Smart-growth advocates love to talk about how retiring baby boomers and other empty nesters will all want to move to high-density, inner-city housing. For millions of such This supplement is free from discount viagra pharmacy arising any harmful side effects. Kamagra is a kind of PDE5 inhibitor, which basically is meant to allow the erection to develop in viagra no prescription canada the normal circumstance by inhibiting the affected enzymes within the genital area. Using this viagra ordering individual without any complexity can receive joy in doing the desired thing without any trouble. These rips within the engagement ring might outcome the actual discomfort all-around vertebral nervousness creating agony, numbness along with weakness within the parts where nervousness travels. http://valsonindia.com/about-us/eco-friendly-manufacturing/ cheapest levitra people, the truth is just the opposite: they hope to move to small towns and rural areas. So much for rebuilding cities to higher densities.

High-Speed Rail Deadline

Today is the deadline for states to submit high-speed rail program applications. Only states with shovel-ready high-speed rail plans (meaning the final environmental impact statement has been approved) are eligible to make such applications. States without such plans had to submit applications for planning grants in late August, and at least some of those planning grants have already been awarded.

The Antiplanner spent Wednesday in Springfield, Illinois, where the primary question is not whether to build high-speed rail but where it is going to go. As the home of both the president and the secretary of transportation, Illinois officials believe their state has a lock on its proposal to build a high-speed (really, a moderate-speed) line from Chicago to St. Louis via Springfield.

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Odes to City Planners

David Byrne, whose claim to expertise in urban economics is that he visited lots of cities as a member of a rock and roll band, has written a book about bicycling. To publicize it, he wrote an article for the Wall Street Journal about what makes a city livable.

I might find his opinions credible if they weren’t simply a rehash of New Urbanism. Tellingly, he commits the ultimate blunder of the neophyte would-be urban planner: he disses Los Angeles for not having “sufficient density.”

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Dubai’s Gold-Plated Metro Rail

Dubai, one of the fastest-growing cities in the world, opened its fully automated metro system this month. The opening was accompanied by an announcement that the cost of building it had increased a mere 80 percent from the original projections. The city says the higher cost was because they added to the line (by less than 5 percent) and redesigned the stations after signing contracts with builders.

The heavy-rail line will not only be the first metro rail system to be fully automated, it will be the first in the world to have multiple classes. Each five-car train will have one “gold” or first-class car, at least one car for women and children, and the remaining cars for “silver” or economy-class passengers. The trains will also offer free WiFi. Since Dubai’s population is 85 percent foreign workers and 15 percent locals or wealthy emigrants, the gold-class cars will probably be relatively empty much of the time. At least those oil sheiks who forego their Maybachs won’t have to rub shoulders with the servant class.
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The cost of the initial red and green lines will average about $130 million per mile, which is typical for U.S. heavy-rail construction. Dubai plans to build two more lines by 2020, which will double the length and, no doubt, the cost of the system. The city expects to subsidize operations, which means it will never recover the construction costs out of fares. To help pay for it, they are selling naming rights to the train stations.

$6 Billion Down the Drain

Nine years ago, the DC metro area proposed a bus-rapid transit line to Dulles Airport that would cost $300 million to start up and $38 million a year to operate. An alternative proposal to build a $3 billion rail line to the airport was deemed far too expensive.

Tysons Corner — not dense enough yet.

Meanwhile, developers and property owners at Tysons Corner, midway between DC and Dulles, applied to Fairfax County for permission to significantly expand the commercial and retail developments in what is already one of the largest edge cities in the metro area. With 46 million square feet of office space, Virginia’s largest shopping mall, and around 100,000 jobs, some might think that Tysons was developed enough, but landowners wanted to double the development. There was one obstacle in their way: The county said that the region’s transportation facilities were inadequate to serve the expansion.
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