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This Explains a Lot
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Kuo and her colleagues compared women randomly assigned to various apartments. Some had a view of nothing but concrete sprawl, the blacktop of parking lots and basketball courts. Others looked out on grassy courtyards filled with trees and flowerbeds. Kuo then measured the two groups on a variety of tasks, from basic tests of attention to surveys that looked at how the women were handling major life challenges. She found that living in an apartment with a view of greenery led to significant improvements in every category.
“The good news is that even slight alterations, such as planting more trees in the inner city or creating urban parks with a greater variety of plants, can significantly reduce the negative side effects of city life.”
Sounds like someone is finally coming around to advocating for planning. Good for you O’Toole.
She found that living in an apartment with a view of greenery led to significant improvements in every category.
and
Recent research by scientists …demonstrate[d] that the very same urban features that trigger lapses in attention and memory — the crowded streets, the crushing density of people — also correlate with measures of innovation, as strangers interact with one another in unpredictable ways. It is the “concentration of social interactions” that is largely responsible for urban creativity, according to the scientists. The density of 18th-century London may have triggered outbreaks of disease, but it also led to intellectual breakthroughs [emphases added]
Another example of once we spend the tiniest bit of energy checking Randal’s assertions, we see that they hold water about as well as a sieve.
Nonetheless, this topic is a component of my work and although Kuo is frequently referenced, I prefer the work of the Kaplans and their ‘nearby nature’ and ‘attention restoration’ work in cities. Right now I’m working on a draft technical paper for an international conference in the fall, talking about meshing the two italicized passages I included above. Nearby nature in innovative cities is good for business, as many know (apparently not certain ideologues, but still).
DS
Hmmmmm…. this might explain Hinkenlooper’s proposal to toll Pena Blvd to try to raise more money for Fastracks.
Some points I’d like to make:
1) I never saw anywhere in this article where intelligence was measured. This article title is misleading if not insulting.
2) Like Dan says, this falls into a lot of work regarding Kaplan & Kaplan. Yes, city environments are draining, that is why cities are trying to offer more greenspace and incorporate it into the city environment. There needs to be the restorative elements within cities to rejuvenate your mind.
3) I’ve made this argument before, but there is nothing “natural” or mentally stimulating about suburbs. I find that they generally have all of the ills of big cities; traffic, relatively crowded, and destruction of environmental systems (and non of the good stuff). They are not closer to nature, and ironically they destroy the natural element they displace and market their subdivision after it (Forest Cove, Deer Run, Oak Hill, etc.).A green patch of grass in front and back of your house not “nature”:
http://www.garth.ca/weblog/wp-content/uploads/2007/12/suburb.jpg
4) NY is a very dense city, but has some of the largest open space and “natural” settings available. This is a very good model.
5) I live in the Portland metro region, and the city offers more greenspace/open space than any of the surrounding suburbs (Forest Park is one the nation’s largest urban parks, not to mention the Park Blocks, Mt. Tabor, East Bank Esplanade, etc.).
The suburban areas cut down all of the trees and destroyed the natural elements for low-density sprawl, instead of living more compact and saving contiguous open space/forest land like the city of Portland has.
DS
Dan, problems exist every where. The thing is that Mr.O’Toole enjoys making more problems for people.
No wonder he compared himself to a psychopathic character like the Joker.
Dan, you should know well by now that the Antiplanner(sic) takes great pride in being a highly paid asshole.
THM:
Just pointing out the efficacy of selection bias.
Whether one chooses to believe the selection depends upon one’s cerebral organization, as in this and so many other things that have lobbyists and a vast organization of think-tanks to sway public opinion against certain policies.
DS
Highwayman, do you happen to have a blog?