Cut Saturday Mail to Fund Highways?

The Highway Trust Fund will be out of money in a few months, mainly because Congress insists on spending more than it takes in. To avert this supposed crisis, Republican leaders are proposing to cut Saturday deliveries of mail and use the savings to replenish the trust fund.

There’s actually a tiny grain of Constitutional sense behind this proposal. The original legal justification for federal involvement in highways, back when members of Congress actually cared about such things, was that the Constitution authorizes Congress “to establish Post Offices and post Roads.” If the “post roads” aren’t paying for themselves, then who better to pay for them than the post offices?

In this sense, the Republican proposal is slightly more rational than President Obama’s proposal to use the increased revenues from a corporate income tax reform that will eliminate loopholes but reduce corporate tax rates. The administration predicts reducing rates will reduce corporate tax obligations in the long run but closing loopholes will increase revenues in the short run (interesting how Obama is promising corporations lower taxes after he is out of office in exchange for higher taxes when he is still in office). Obama wants to use some of those increased revenues to supplement the Highway Trust Fund.

More than offsetting the tiny Constitutional sense of the Republican proposal is that it will take ten years of Postal Service cuts in order to cover one year’s worth of red ink from the Highway Trust Fund. In other words, the plan is far from sustainable and will simply lead to another transportation cliff in a year or so.

The reason we see these nonsensical plans is that Congress likes to pretend it has a rule that increased expenditures in one part of the federal budget must be offset by savings somewhere else. In fact, Congress has freely ignored this rule in the past–no one asked where the revenue to pay for the wars in Iraq or Afghanistan would come from–but the rule is there, so anyone proposing to replenish the trust fund must find something to offset that cost.

“The Saturday delivery change makes a lot of sense on its own,” observes the Washington Post. “So does corporate tax reform. But continuing to jury-rig the highway budget with unrelated ‘offsets’ does not.” The Post implores Congress to “develop some backbone” and “make the obvious policy choices,” which to the Post means increasing gas taxes.
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But, as the Antiplanner has explained before, even increasing the gas tax is, at best, a medium-term fix. Inflation combined with more fuel-efficient cars steadily eats away at the value of this tax, which also provides little revenue for local roads and does nothing about fixing congestion, the nation’s swept-under-the-asphalt $200-billion problem. Instead, higher gas taxes will simply enable Congressional pork-outs of inane projects such as streetcars and other high-cost, low-capacity transit lines.

Instead of increasing gas taxes, the Antiplanner’s modest proposal is for Congress to stop spending more than it collects in gas taxes and other transportation revenues. Congress managed to build the Interstate Highway System, widely considered to be the largest and one of the most successful public works projects in history, entirely out of highway user fees without once ever letting the Highway Trust Fund run out of money. It did so by funding construction out of user fees on a strict, pay-as-you-go basis, which meant that if costs were underestimated, construction would simply take longer rather than be rewarded with taxpayer-funded bailouts.

It was only in the 1990s, when up to 20 percent of gas taxes were being diverted to transit and Congress was earmarking the heck out of the hexennial transportation bills, that Congress decided that what it spent was too important to be limited by such things as, you know, revenues. It was one thing when we were building the Interstate Highway System, which cost less than $2 million per lane mile (in today’s dollars) yet carries 20 percent of all passenger travel and 15 percent of all freight in America. It was quite another thing when Congressman Porko’s pet $20 million pedestrian bridge or Senator Spendo’s pet $100-million-per-mile light-rail line might be delayed by revenue shortfalls.

Since Congress first mandated that funds be spent regardless of revenues, Congress has had to spend $55 billion in general funds bailing out the trust fund. Not coincidentally, this is roughly the amount of gas taxes that have been diverted to transit.

That these kinds of proposals have any credibility at all is due to the apparent weakening of the Tea Party in recent elections. After 2010, when the Tea Party had won numerous seats in Congress, House Speaker John Boehner and then-House Transportation Committee Chair John Mica fell all over themselves to produce a fiscally conservative bill that was, unfortunately, rejected by so-called “transit Republicans” who didn’t want to see cuts in federal transit spending. Now that the Tea Party’s apparent influence is waning, established Republicans are once again willing to take a principled stand for pork-barrel spending.

Personally, I think the best thing would be for Congress to go off the transportation cliff. As pointed out by transportation expert Ken Orski, the states increasingly regard the feds as an unreliable partner in transportation funding, and nearly half have developed alternatives ways of financing highways. It is time for members of Congress who think the whole country would grind to a halt without their careful control and spending to learn that, at least with regards to transportation, we are actually better off without them.

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About The Antiplanner

The Antiplanner is a forester and economist with more than fifty years of experience critiquing government land-use and transportation plans.

4 Responses to Cut Saturday Mail to Fund Highways?

  1. MJ says:

    This is an awful proposal. There is no sugar-coating it. Instead of one financially unsustainable train wreck, we will now have two. The USPS needs to cut Saturday service in order to restore its viability in the face of declining volumes. Diverting the savings from this area to the highway trust fund which, as Randal points out, will not cover long-term spending levels anyway, will put both funds on a path to insolvency. Tackle one problem at a time, and provide lasting, structural fixes. Otherwise, don’t bother. Just go over the ‘cliff’ and figure out a better solution for the long term.

  2. paul says:

    Maybe what we need is divided government again as in the 90’s when PayGo was in effect, requiring increased taxes to pay for increased spending. Republican congress opposed spending and president Clinton kept vetoing their tax cuts ending with a balanced budget. I left the Republican party for good when in 2001 they threw out PayGo, cut taxes, President Bush approved all spending, and in 2004 the Republicans re-nominated Cheney who was publicly saying “deficits don’t matter”.

    The problem with the Tea party is they have acted to nominate radical politicians who tend to be angry and anti government rather than capable of careful review of data and comprise to get sensible legislation passed.

  3. Dave Brough says:

    “…Instead of increasing gas taxes, the Antiplanner’s modest proposal is for Congress to stop spending more than it collects in gas taxes and other transportation revenues.”
    I see two issues. First, the original Interstates were ‘easy’ builds. Adding to those builds can turn a $2 million/mile project into billion-plus dollar affair. Cue Boston’s Big Dig or, for that matter, any highway project nation-wide.
    The second issue, which the Antiplanner has pointed to previously, is that vehicles are becoming more energy efficient, and thus pay less tax per mile — and in the case of EV’s, no tax per mile. No one should get a free ride.
    To me, the solution is twofold. First, user-pay, but on a scale that relates to both distance and damage (weight); and second, a Third Generation of Roadway that rises above and beyond and is not only affordable, will save tens of thousands of lives year in year out. It is a revolution in simplicity: http://www.tevproject.com/

  4. Dan says:

    Stopping the F-35 JSF will replenish the trust fund tomorrow. We have more aircraft carriers than almost the entire world combined, mothball one group. And so on.

    DS

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