Supposedly, young people today prefer to rent multifamily housing over buying single-family housing. This claim is used to justify policies aimed at densifying cities by rezoning neighborhoods of single-family homes for multifamily housing. As the New York Times Timothy Egan writes, “An unholy alliance of socialists and developers threatens to destroy the city’s single-family neighborhoods with a major upzoning.”
Data from the 2017 American Community Survey can help put this claim to the test. Table B25125 breaks down housing into six types: single-family, multi-family, and other (mobile homes, boats, RVs, vans), each owned or rented, and reports for householders (one of the adults in the household) of ages 15-34, 35-64, and 65-plus. We can compare the results with table HCT004 from the 2000 census to see how young people (and middle-aged and seniors) lived in 2017 vs. how they lived 17 years before.
In 2017, 29 percent of householders under 35 owned and 20 percent rented a single-family home, while 2 percent owned and 44 percent rented multifamily housing. But that’s not much different from 2000, when 31 percent owned and 16 percent rented a single-family home and 2 percent owned and 42 percent rented multifamily.
Nor does it appear that retiring Baby Boomers are flocking to multifamily housing, another prediction made by the oh-so-wise urban planners. In 2017, 68 percent of householders age 65 and up owned a single-family home, which is up from 65 percent in 2000. Only 20 percent of householders above 64 rent or own in a multifamily complex, down from 22 percent in 2000.
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The biggest change is among the 35-64 year olds, an age class that planners largely ignored. While 64 percent of them owned a single-family home in 2000, it was down to 60 percent in 2017. Only part of this decline was due to an increase in multifamily living, which changed from 20 percent rented and owned in 2000 to 21 percent in 2017. Most of the decline in owned single-family homes was taken up in rented single-family housing, which went from 10 percent in 2000 to 13 percent in 2017. In other words, this age group still prefers single-family housing, but — perhaps due to the Great Recession — shifted slightly to renting such housing.
The slight decline in homeownership and single-family housing among young people is also more likely due to the Recession than to any generational preferences. This can be added to other evidence that Millennials are just as interested as their parents in living in the suburbs.
I’ve posted files showing housing type by age class for the nation, states, and major counties, cities, and urban areas. Files for 2017, 2016, and 2010 have the raw data and percentages for each major age class and housing type. The raw data file for 2000 is gigantic, so the file I’ve posted just has percentages. All of the files should have identical rows, so if you want, you can copy and paste individual percentage columns into one file for comparison sake. Rows in which all percentages are zero are for geographic areas that weren’t included in a particular year’s data set for lack of an adequate survey sample.
