Should Buses Use Alternative Fuels?

Fred Jandt’s rethinking rail article on the Mass Transit web site (discussed here on Monday) offhandedly mentioned “what Foothill Transit did this week” with buses. That was a reference to the introduction of some of the first all-electric buses in the U.S. A mere 10-minute recharge of the batteries on these “ecoliners” is supposed to be enough to allow them to run for 30 miles.

Foothill Transit’s new electric bus.

All over the country, transit agencies are purchasing hybrid-electric buses, natural-gas-powered buses, and other alternatives to Diesels, which have a well-deserved reputation for being dirty. While transit is popularly believed to be environmentally friendly, the truth is that it is not, and this is especially true for buses, which typically use more energy and produce more pollution (at least more of the kinds of pollution that are of greatest concern today, namely CO2, NOx, and particulates), per passenger mile, than autos and even SUVs.

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Trannie Mae: Obama’s New Bank

President Obama’s new “plan“–more of a sketch, really–to “Renew and Expand America’s Roads, Railways and Runways” calls for spending $50 billion rebuilding 150,000 miles of roads, building and maintaining 4,000 miles of rail, and rehabilitating 150 miles of airport runways and installing a modern air traffic control system. Where do these numbers come from? Is $50 billion enough to do it all? Where will the $50 billion come from? The plan provides no answers to these questions.

For example, a new air traffic control system alone is expected to cost at least $20 billion. At $12.5 million a mile, rehabilitating 4,000 miles of passenger rail lines would consume all of the $50 billion. At a conservative $1 million a mile (which won’t do much rebuilding), treating 150,000 miles of roads would cost three times the $50 billion Obama proposes to spend.

Like the $8 billion that Obama proposed to spend on high-speed rail 19 months before his transportation secretary finally admitted that the administration’s high-speed rail plan would cost $500 billion, the $50 billion is obviously just a “down payment” on the plan. In short, someone just made up all these numbers, threw out $50 billion as a starting cost, and then called it a “plan.” (I wonder what the planners who read this blog think of this abuse of their professional title.)

To stretch the $50 billion, the plan calls for creating an “infrastructure bank” that would “leverage private and state and local capital to invest in projects that are most critical to our economic progress.” How would such a Trannie Mae compare with a real bank? A real bank loans money to projects that are likely to cover their costs and repay the loans, but if projects had to cover their costs, no passenger rail project would get a single dime. So Trannie Mae will instead give money away using supposedly “clear, analytical measures of performance” that “will produce the greatest return for American taxpayers.”

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Farewell, Walkin’ Jim

The world won’t be the same without you. I’ll remember your songs every time I hike in the wilderness.


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High-Speed Rail Deathwatch

Will a high-speed rail line ever be built from San Francisco to Los Angeles? The California High-Speed Rail Authority (CHSRA) has less than 10 percent of the money it needs to build this line. The plan is increasingly under fire from local and state organizations. On one hand, President Obama’s vague and controversial proposal to spend $50 billion to “rebuild 150,000 miles of roads [and] construct and maintain 4,000 miles of railway” could keep the California project alive. On the other hand, if Republican Meg Whitman is elected state governor this November, she could kill the program.

Can’t afford to build it; can’t afford to run it. Maybe it isn’t needed?

A recent op ed in the San Francisco Chronicle succinctly points out that projected costs have nearly doubled since voters approved the plan, adequate funding is unavailable, and–“with 10 airports and six competing airlines”–the San Francisco-Los Angeles corridor doesn’t need high-speed rail anyway.

Perhaps most important, the measure approved by voters in 2008 forbade any tax subsidies for operations. Yet recent recalculations of ridership projections and costs make it clear that fares will never cover operating costs, so even if they build it, they would not be able to run it (at least, without changing the law and finding money for operating subsidies).

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More Rail Skeptics

“We need to rethink rail,” says Fred Jandt, the editor of Mass Transit magazine. After first defending his credentials as a rail and transit advocate, he admits, “Rail is expensive.” That doesn’t necessarily mean it is “prohibitively” expensive, he says, “but it may be something we need to rethink.”

This need-to-rethink was inspired by Joel Kotkin’s recent article in Forbes. Though Jandt is put off by Kotkin’s use of the word “boondoggle,” he admits that Kotkin’s “piece was more carefully considered with numbers to back up the writer’s arguments.” (Kotkin’s numbers come from Antiplanner allies Tom Rubin and, no doubt, Wendell Cox.)

It is hard to tell from Jandt’s rambling blog post just how he thinks rail can be rethought, but he suggests that “we need something in-between what we have for rail and what we have for buses” and points out that “most of the movement has been made on the bus side. Buses have moved more toward trains than the other way around.” In other words, buses are flexible: they can act like buses, but they can also act like railcars (i.e, bus-rapid transit). Railcars can act like railcars, but they can’t act like buses.
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Your Tax Dollars at Work

The owner of a beauty shop who applied for a loan from a community development fund received a response calling her “one crazy ass bitch” and suggesting that she was under a “delusion that somehow you might be credit worthy.” The author of the letter, who was suspended for a week without pay, later wrote a letter of apology saying she was under a “heightened state of anxiety” and wrote the letter only “for my own personal release,” not to be mailed out.

Other than as a humorous example of bureaucracy at work, why is this of interest to the Antiplanner? It turns out the applicant’s business has been hit hard by light-rail construction, which is preventing customers from accessing her shop. She applied for a loan from the Rainier Valley Community Development Fund, which was created by the City of Seattle and Sound Transit (which is building the light rail) and given $50 million specifically to help businesses survive construction.

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Good Luck to Lake Oswego Streetcar Opponents

Residents of Lake Oswego, Portland’s wealthiest large suburb, have hired one of the state’s leading (and most liberal) political consultants to oppose a planned streetcar between downtown Portland and their community. Who has the bucks to hire Bergstein? One of the names mentioned is Elaine Franklin, wife of former U.S. Senator Bob Packwood. As Bojack says, “this might be more fun than we first thought.

Why is this even an issue when TriMet, Portland’s transit agency, is nearly broke? The Federal Transit Administration is giving TriMet “only” half the cost of a ridiculous (and ridiculously expensive) light-rail line to Milwaukie, a suburb whose residents soundly trounced funding for light rail the last few times it was on the ballot. As a light-rail pioneer, TriMet is used to getting the feds to pay for 75 percent or more of its light-rail boondoggles.

To make up some of the difference, TriMet is asking voters for permission to sell $125 million worth of bonds (to be repaid by property taxes) to buy new buses. This is really just a ploy to support light rail, as transit agencies almost never borrow money to buy new buses. But the agency lost the last three times light rail was on the ballot, so it hopes voters might think buses are worth funding instead.

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Donald Shoup on Free Parking

Donald Shoup supports free parking. At least, in a response to my first post about Tyler Cowen’s op ed against free parking, Dr. Shoup points out that he only wants the price of parking to be “right,” and “the right price [for parking] will often be zero.”

However, the main purpose of Shoup’s response is to correct my mistaken claim that he supports maximum-parking requirements, requirements that all businesses charge for parking, or other coercive policies. I apologize for that error.

In fact, Shoup’s book, The High Cost of Free Parking, argues only that cities should eliminate minimum-parking requirements and charge market rates for on-street parking, things that the Antiplanner favors as well. Where we disagree is about the effects of these policies.

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Exaggerating the Benefits of Transit

HDR, a consulting firm that routinely misleads cities in order to get contracts promoting and designing streetcars, has written a report for the Michigan Department of Transportation that greatly exaggerates the benefits of public transit. In claiming that those benefits are “conservatively” $805 million a year, the report makes many unwarranted assumptions.

The most important assumption, which the report repeatedly makes, is that there would be no transit without publicly subsidized transit (for example, see p. 13). In fact, without transit subsidies, private transit services would spring up in most major places, as they did recently in Clayton County, Georgia. Even with subsidized transit, some cities such as Miami already have private transit operations competing directly with public transit. Most northern states, most likely including Michigan, forbid such competition, but such laws would be irrelevant if socialized transit were eliminated.

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